An observational record of global gridded near-surface air temperature change over land and ocean from 1781

Morice, Colin P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-1021; Berry, David I.; Cornes, Richard C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7688-4485; Cowtan, Kathryn ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-1437; Cropper, Thomas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-7905; Hawkins, Ed ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677; Kennedy, John J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6841-7289; Osborn, Timothy J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8425-6799; Rayner, Nick A.; Recinos Rivas, Beatriz ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0647-8131; Schurer, Andrew P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9176-3622; Taylor, Michael ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-3478; Teleti, Praveen R.; Wallis, Emily J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-0899; Winn, Jonathan; Kent, Elizabeth C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-4247. 2025 An observational record of global gridded near-surface air temperature change over land and ocean from 1781. Earth System Science Data, 17 (12). 7079-7100. 10.5194/essd-17-7079-2025