Global Oceans - [in State of the Climate in 2024]

Johnson, G. C.; Lumpkin, R.; Beckley, Brian; Bellas-Manley, Ashley; Carter, Brendan R.; Cetinić, Ivona; Chambers, Don P.; Chan, Duo; Cheng, Lijing; Dong, Shenfu; Feely, Richard A.; Franz, Bryan A.; Gao, Meng; Garg, Jay; Giglio, Donata; Graham, Garrett; Hamlington, Benjamin D.; Hobbs, Will; Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Huang, Boyin; Jersild, Annika; Jevrejeva, Svetlana ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-4665; Johns, William E.; Killick, Rachel. E.; Kuusela, Mikael; Lamont, Tarron; Landerer, F. W.; Landschützer, Peter; Le Hénaff, Matthieu; Leuliette, Eric; Locarnini, Ricardo; Lyman, John M.; Merrifield, Mark A.; Mishonov, Alexey; Mitchum, Gary T.; Moat, Ben I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-7779; Nerem, R. Steven; Oe, Mitsuho; Perez, Renellys C.; Reagan, James; Schlegal, Robert W.; Schmid, Claudia; Smeed, David A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1740-1778; Smith, Ryan H.; Speich, Sabrina; Stackhouse, Paul W.; Sukianto, Thea; Sweet, William; Thompson, Philip R.; Triñanes, Joaquin A.; Tuchen, Franz Philip; Volkov, Denis L.; Wanninkhof, Rik; Weller, Robert A.; Westberry, Toby K.; Widlansky, Matthew J.; Willis, Joshua K.; Yin, Xungang; Yu, Lisan; Zhang, Huai-Min. 2025 Global Oceans - [in State of the Climate in 2024]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 106 (8). S173-S232. 10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0074.1